What Should You Know Before Traveling to China? A Complete Guide for First-Time Visitors
Traveling to China is an unforgettable experience—one that combines ancient history, futuristic cities, breathtaking landscapes, and an incredibly diverse culture. Whether you are planning a short vacation, a business trip, or a long-term stay, preparing properly will help you make the most of your journey.
China can be remarkably different from what travelers expect, especially if it’s their first time visiting. From cultural norms and language barriers to digital tools and etiquette, there are many things to understand before boarding your flight. This extended guide covers everything you need to know before traveling to China—laws, customs, transportation, money, safety, tips, and more.
Understanding China Before You Go
China Is Huge and Incredibly Diverse
China is one of the largest and most populated countries in the world, spanning 23 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities, and two Special Administrative Regions (Hong Kong and Macau). Every region has its own culture, cuisine, customs, climate, and languages. Traveling from Beijing to Guangzhou can feel like traveling between different countries.
Because of this diversity, your travel experience may vary depending on the region. Northern China tends to have a colder climate, hearty foods like dumplings, and historical sites such as the Great Wall. Southern China offers lush landscapes, rice terraces, and spicy, aromatic dishes. Coastal cities such as Shanghai and Shenzhen are ultra-modern, while rural western regions offer dramatic nature and ethnic minority cultures.
Mandarin Is Official, but Many Languages Exist
Mandarin (Putonghua) is the official language of China, but it’s not the only language spoken. Cantonese, Shanghainese, Hokkien, Tibetan, Uighur, and many other dialects and languages exist. After arriving, you may notice that locals sometimes speak languages that sound very different from Mandarin—especially in Hong Kong, Macau, and Guangdong Province.
For travelers, learning a few basic Mandarin phrases will be extremely helpful. English is taught in schools, but proficiency varies widely. In major cities, younger people and service workers often understand some English, while in smaller towns it may be rare.
Visa Requirements and Entry Rules
Check Visa Policies Early
China typically requires most foreign nationals to obtain a visa before arrival. Tourist visas (L visas) are the most common, but business, family, work, and student visas have different requirements. The application usually requires:
- A valid passport with at least six months remaining
- Completed visa application form
- Passport photo
- Travel itinerary and hotel bookings
- Possible supporting documents depending on the visa type
- Get more information about China entering requirements
Some cities or regions may offer visa-free entry or transit visas for short stays. For example, several major airports allow visa-free transit for 72 or 144 hours. However, rules change frequently, so always verify details with the official embassy or consulate.
Arrival Procedures and Customs
Upon arriving in China, you'll go through immigration, fingerprint scanning, and customs. You may need to declare large amounts of cash, certain food items, or restricted goods. China restricts items such as religious materials in bulk, political publications, and drones in certain regions. Always check ahead if bringing electronics or equipment for photography.
Money, Payments, and Daily Expenses
The Renminbi (RMB) Is King
China’s official currency is the Renminbi (RMB), also known as the yuan (CNY). Banknotes come in denominations from 1 to 100. While large cities may accept some foreign credit cards, many shops, small vendors, and local restaurants operate primarily with mobile payments or cash.
Mobile Payment Is the Standard
One of the biggest surprises for travelers is how cashless China has become. Platforms like Alipay and WeChat Pay dominate daily transactions. From street markets to luxury malls, most people pay using QR codes. As a foreigner, you can set up these apps using an international credit card, making travel significantly easier.
It’s smart to carry some cash anyway—especially when visiting rural areas or buying from street vendors that may not accept mobile payments.
General Cost of Travel
China can be both affordable and luxurious depending on your choices. Street food is extremely cheap and delicious, while upscale dining in big cities can rival prices in Tokyo, London, or New York. Train travel is affordable, while domestic flights vary by season. Hotels range from budget hostels to ultra-luxury brands.
Technology, Internet Access, and the Great Firewall
Many Western Apps Are Blocked
China has strict internet regulations known as “The Great Firewall.” Many foreign websites and apps are blocked, including:
- Google (including Gmail, Maps, and Search)
- YouTube
- WhatsApp (partial functionality)
Many travelers use VPNs to access these services, but reliability varies and regulations have tightened. Download your VPN before arriving, and ensure it works on mobile.
Chinese Apps to Download
These apps will make your trip much easier:
- WeChat – messaging, payments, translation
- Alipay – mobile payments widely accepted
- Didi – the Chinese version of Uber
- Baidu Maps – best for navigation (offline modes help)
- Ctrip (Trip.com) – booking trains, flights, hotels
- Meituan – food delivery and local services
- Get full list of must have apps in China
Transportation Inside China
High-Speed Trains Are Amazing
One of China’s biggest travel advantages is its high-speed rail network. Trains regularly reach 300 km/h and connect almost every major city. They are clean, fast, reliable, and comfortable. Booking early is recommended during holidays.
Domestic Flights Are Plentiful
China’s airports are modern and widespread. Domestic flights can be affordable but are sometimes delayed due to air traffic control or weather. For long distances—such as from Beijing to Lhasa—flying is usually the best option.
Taxis, Rideshare, and Public Transit
Major cities like Beijing, Shanghai, Chengdu, and Shenzhen have extensive subway systems that are easy to navigate. Signs are usually in both Chinese and English. Taxis are cheap but may require cash or local apps. Didi (the Chinese equivalent of Uber) is widely used and offers English-language options.
Culture, Customs, and Etiquette
Hospitality and Politeness
Chinese culture places strong emphasis on respect, community, and hospitality. You may notice that people are curious, welcoming, and generous—especially in less touristy areas. Refusing gifts or invitations too quickly may be considered impolite, so decline politely and softly if needed.
Dining Culture
Chinese dining customs are unique. Here are some basics:
- Meals are often shared; dishes go in the center of the table.
- Chopsticks are standard—don’t stick them upright in rice as it symbolizes funerals.
- It’s normal for meals to be loud, lively, and social.
- Tea is often offered automatically; declining may seem unusual.
Street food is safe in most places as long as it’s freshly cooked. China’s food culture is incredibly rich, so be adventurous and try local specialties.
Queues and Personal Space
In major cities, people generally queue properly, but in busy places such as train stations, airports, or street stalls, crowds may be more chaotic. Personal space norms also differ—crowds in China can be intense, so prepare for situations where people stand very close.
Respect for Traditions and History
China has deep cultural roots. When visiting temples or historical sites:
- Dress modestly when appropriate.
- Avoid loud conversations inside religious areas.
- Follow signs about photography restrictions.
Health, Safety, and Hygiene Tips
Tap Water Is Not for Drinking
Tap water in China is generally not safe to drink. Hotels often provide boiled water, kettles, or bottled water. Many locals boil water daily and keep it in a thermos.
Air Quality Varies by Region
Some cities occasionally experience poor air quality, especially in winter. Check air pollution apps, and consider wearing a mask on bad days if you are sensitive.
Hospitals and Clinics
International hospitals exist in major cities, but they can be expensive. Local hospitals may be crowded but are usually efficient. Always carry travel insurance that covers medical emergencies.
Food Safety
Chinese cuisine is diverse, flavorful, and safe when you choose trustworthy restaurants or busy food stalls. Avoid raw food outside upscale establishments, and choose bottled drinks with sealed caps.
Essential Travel Tips
Learn Basic Mandarin Phrases
Knowing basic words like “hello,” “thank you,” “how much,” and “where is…” can significantly enhance your experience. Translation apps help, but locals appreciate even simple attempts.
• For most essential chinese phrases click here
Always Carry Your Passport
You may need your passport to check into hotels, buy train tickets, or enter major attractions. Police may request identification during routine checks.
SIM Cards and Internet
You can buy a local Chinese SIM card at the airport with your passport. It offers cheap data and good network coverage. If you rely heavily on mobile apps, a local SIM is almost essential.
Be Aware of Peak Travel Seasons
China’s peak travel seasons include:
- Chinese New Year (Jan–Feb)
- National Day Golden Week (October 1–7)
- Summer holidays (July–August)
During these times, trains sell out, attractions overflow, and hotels become expensive. Traveling outside these dates ensures a more relaxed experience.
Respect Local Laws
China has strict regulations regarding drugs, political content, photography of government buildings, and drone usage. Always stay informed to avoid problems.
Must-See Destinations
Beijing
The heart of China’s history, featuring the Great Wall, Forbidden City, Summer Palace, and traditional hutongs.
Shanghai
A futuristic megacity with stunning skylines, bustling neighborhoods, and world-class dining.
Xi’an
Home of the famous Terracotta Army and an excellent place to explore ancient Chinese culture.
Guilin and Yangshuo
Known for breathtaking limestone mountains, rivers, and tranquil countryside.
Chengdu
The homeland of giant pandas and a culinary paradise for spice lovers.
Final Thoughts: Prepare Well and Enjoy the Journey
Traveling to China is an adventure that rewards preparation. Whether you visit ancient temples, bustling markets, high-tech cities, or serene landscapes, being informed beforehand makes your trip smoother, safer, and more enjoyable. China is a country rich in culture, history, and hospitality—immersing yourself fully will give you memories that last a lifetime.
With the right knowledge about visas, money, transportation, culture, and technology, you’ll be ready to experience the best of what China has to offer. Pack your bags, bring an open mind, and get ready to explore one of the most fascinating countries on Earth!
